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It has been known for a long time that chlorine can trigger asthma symptoms in some people with asthma. But now it is being suspected of actually causing asthma in some children.
A recent Belgian study published in the Occupational and Environmental Medicine journal showed a link between the rise in childhood asthma and the chlorine in swimming pools. The gas nitrogen trichloride, which is given off as a byproduct of the disinfecting effect of chlorine, is suspected of being the irritant to blame.
The theory is that nitrogen trichloride irritates the lungs, making it more likely that allergens such as pollen, mould and pet dander can cause asthma symptoms. The scientists who led the study determined that the negative effects of the gas were greatest in younger children.
The amount of nitrogen trichloride inhaled depends on the amount of ventilation, the number of people in the pool, and the cleanliness of the swimmers since it is formed when chlorine reacts with sweat and other organic substances. Pools should make sure that everyone has showered thoroughly prior to entering the pool. You may also want to inquire if the ventilation in your indoor pool can be improved or different chemicals used.
Whether a person needs to avoid swimming pools depends on many factors. Obviously swimming is an excellent form of exercise and for most people should be continued. If it is clearly leading to asthma symptoms, the you should discuss with your physician whether there is a need to avoid swimming pools. Outdoor swimming pools may be less of a problem since the ventilation will be better, however there will still be some exposure.
If the chlorine causes obvious symptoms, then you should avoid public pools. If the effect is minor, the you should discuss with your physician the possibility of controlling your symptoms with medications. Its all about balance. The benefits of going to a swimming pool has to be weighed against the possible effects on your asthma.
Keep in mind that this is only one study and there is an obvious need for more research in this area. One study does not allow us to form concrete conclusions. Your children should be monitored during and after being at public swimming pools. But there is not enough evidence to generally say that children should avoid pools. |
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Date of article |
29/06/2003 |
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Source |
National Asthma Society of Canada |
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